Far From The Madding Crowd Essay

This inconsiderate act lead Boldwood to believe that Bathsheba wanted marriage with him. As we found out Boldwood is very ignorant to love and because he is a very sensitive character falls into a false sense of security because of Bathsheba’s prank. In chapter 23 it looked as if marriage was inevitable because Bathsheba promises to marry Boldwood when he returns. â€Å"I shall be able to promise to be your wife† Boldwood is delighted that he has the opportunity to enter into a marriage with Bathsheba. â€Å"It is enough; I don’t ask more. I can wait on those dear words†. The level of attraction is neither physical, physiological nor emotional, the only level of attraction is Bellwood’s intellect and social status. In chapter 53 Boldwood proves his love and obsession when Troy returns to the scene. Boldwood is fully aware of the threat Troy will impose and therefore shoots him. From the beginning we can tell that nothing will ever amount between their relationship as the emotion felt by Boldwood isn’t reciprocated. Boldwood feels for Bathsheba on all five levels of attraction physical, intellectual, social, psychological and emotional. Within the Bathsheba Boldwood relationship Hardy is trying to promote the fact that for a relationship to be a success there must be an equal level of attraction. Hardy believes that it is great to be in love but it is a lot better to be loved. The second mistake, probably Bathsheba’s biggest mistake was Sgt. Frank Troy. He is the charming soldier who meets Bathsheba in a romantic twilight on the plantation. Hardy doesn’t let us live in this dream world for long because he reveals the true identity of Troy. Troy impresses men, lies to women and misuses his intelligence and power in flirtation and deceit. We are also made aware of one of Troy’s previous relationships with one Fanny Robin. Troy and Fanny had much like the relationship as Bathsheba and troy because she is wooed at first by his charm then finds out what he is truly like. Troy ignores Fanny as she becomes ill and is very poor because of what he had done. However in the Chapter appropriately named ‘Fanny’s revenge’ they examine the dead body and Fanny Robin and it is revealed she was pregnant with Troy’s baby. Troy is devastated and kisses the corpse in front of Bathsheba. Troy’s true love was Fanny not Bathsheba. Bathsheba is attracted to Troy almost straight away even when she finds out what he is really like. However she turns a blind eye to this because she has already fallen in love with him. With this ideal Hardy is trying to promote the idea that love is blind. In the early stages of their relationship troy comes across as a very loving and caring husband who treats Bathsheba like a queen however as a reader we know this is far from the truth. The pinnacle of his ‘boyish charm’ is within chapter 28, in this chapter Troy exhilarates Bathsheba as he does a sword practise from now on in Troy dominates the relationship and this is where the deceit begins. â€Å"But how could you chop off a curl of my hair with a sword that has no edge? † â€Å"No edge! This sword will shave like a razor. Look here† The scene is very symbolic because Bathsheba is led to believe the sword is blunt although Troy knows it is extremely sharp. The symbolism is that troy is the sword and Bathsheba is nai ve to see that Troy is a sharp edge himself and can do a lot of harm. Bathsheba’s love increases for Troy as the novel progresses until the very last point where Troy is shot and Oak and Bathsheba marry. The relationship begins to diminish as Troy begins to gamble and treat Bathsheba inadequately however she persists to take it. Hardy is trying to promote and empathise with hundreds upon thousands of men and women who become confused and distraught in love and that it takes ‘two to tango’. Troy possesses many of the levels of attraction however due to his nature and mannerisms they hinder him. We are told he is handsome, we discover he is intelligent however uses it to his own advantage, he is also well known and more importantly respected in Weatherbury, he charms women and then he manipulates them once he has won them over emotionally and he will also say one thing and for it to have another meaning this shows he is very conniving. I believe Hardy has incorporated a character like Troy to try and prove than some mistakes are greater than others and in love there is a tendency for it to go wrong more than once and that there, as there are for a attraction, different levels of love and sometimes it can be perceived wrongly. Gabriel Oak, probably the most complex character in the novel when it comes down to love because of his simplistic character in all other aspects of the novel. The name has a biblical reference to God our father’s most trusted angel Gabriel. The angel the Gabriel had the very important to tell the Virgin Mary that she was to bare the Son of God. There is also an association with the natural world with the link with the Oak tree, strong, sturdy and reliable. Oak is a very modest and courageous man at times risking his life to help his sheep and risking his heart to be loved. This in my opinion is Hardy showing that you must risk many things for love to prevail. Oak is the third love of Bathsheba and her final husband. Gabriel’s relationship begins at full pace when in the early chapters of the book when he comes to her with a lamb and a marriage proposal. The lamb is a symbol of new beginnings and such to show the first stages of Oak and Bathsheba’s relationship and eventually the lamb will bloom into a full grown and happy sheep reflecting on the outcome of Oak and Bathsheba’s relationship.

Bullying and Harrasment in the Workplace Essay

In hard times people tend more to be willing to find out why things aren’t working and so a growing awareness of satisfying employees lead to a more detailed picture of bullying in the workplace. Due to great changes in hotel and hospitality industry caused by the economic crisis and its cumulative effects on the behaviour of managers as well as on employees, volition emerged to do more against bullying in the workplace. This paper critically analyzes the reason for the occurrence of bullying and gives impacts on relationship between bullying, work and health. Furthermore it shows emerging problems for the hotel and hospitality industry and gives advice to find appropriate solutions to provide a bullying-free working place. Several published definitions of bullying make it hard to find the genuine meaning of it. According to the Department of Education? s article, published on their homepage www. education. gov. k in October 2010, bullying can be defined as â€Å"Behaviour by an individual or group usually repeated over time, that intentionally hurts another individual or group either physically, emotionally or mentally†. This definition is accepted and used by various organisations in the UK for anti-bullying publications and treatment policies. Unfortunately this definition covers an array of bullying types, so Zapf D. (1996) categorised five types of bullying behaviour in the workplace to get a closer look on what bullying really is. They are work-related bullying which may include changing your work tasks or making them difficult to perform, social isolation, personal attacks or attacks on your private life by ridicule, insulting remarks, gossip or the like, verbal threats where you are criticised, yelled at or humiliated in public and physical violence or threats of such violence. Referring to those statements it is possible to critically analyze bullying by keeping in mind the definition in relationship with Zapf? s five types of bullying. Nowadays it is well-known that bullying is common in almost every Industry whether in small businesses or international companies. Especially in tourism-related businesses like hotel and hospitality industry, bullying causes capacious damage in different dimensions concerning areas like staff turnover and revenue but also number of staff away sick and motivation of employees. To avoid long-term impacts of harassment, bullying or mobbing has to be nipped in the bud according to Dolan C. (2010):1 who said that â€Å"Bullying can? survive in workplaces that won? t support it. † To provide such a workplace, is today? s great challenge for managers. Generally reasons for bullying are minor problems which aren’t obviously inflicting damage to somebody like discontent about matters, problems in private live, unintended aspersions compared to a co-worker or sometimes a harsh tone in stressful situations. In Hotel and Hospitality industry the constant contact with different people, whether new staff members or guests, provides an excellent breeding ground for such problems. It could be an annoying guest, a challenging situation or an excessive period of work strain which gets people to offend a colleague. All these minor incidents are harmful for working climate and interpersonal relationships in long-term. These problems could be categorised, in alleviated acceptation, into different types of physically and psychologically violence, referring to Fineman S. (2003), who splits workplace violence into intrusive, consumer-related and organizational violence. Intrusive violence rarely occurs in hotel and hospitality industry but is not entirely excluded. On August 21, 2010 the Intercontinental hotel in Rio de Janeiro was scene of a taking of hostages. 10 employees of the hotel were restraint for several hours until they have been released, after the police took some action towards the criminals. Attacks by terrorists against hotels and employees infrequently take place in most countries, but witnessing crime related situations could be an immense strain. A more eminent factor in tourism-related businesses is consumer related violence. Demands of customers which couldn? always be measured, are causing complaints about e. g. delays or bad handling. Especially front office employees have to deal with enormous pressure by being consistently confronted with complaints, and personal affronts from customers. Furthermore Fineman S. (2003):164 describes the occurrence of organizational violence in the workplace as a failing in the ethnically opinions of entrepreneur and characterizes this form of bullying as follows, â€Å"It translates into practices that systematically cause danger, risk or exploitation to employees. Emotionally, the employer can feel indifferent, even derisory about its workers and their psychological or physical well-being: ‘there are always more out there’. The worker may feel equally indifferent but trapped in the job. † Actually frequent occurrence of such, as in the majority of cases irrelevant sensed incidents, leads to a growth of troubles and personal antipathy against fellow-workers and employers is growing until the straw that breaks the camel? s back and physically or psychological damages are the immediate consequences. As has been proved in an array of researches by organisations dealing with the problems of bullying and harassment in the workplace, like ACAS, bullying affects a company in a tremendous variety of ways. Hotel and Hospitality industry is a very people-intensive branch primarily composed of small businesses. According to ACSA a main impact of bullying is the increase in rates of absence, especially concerning small firms where cover for sick employees is difficult to arrange. The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD), Europe’s largest HR and development professional body, releases every year a survey report pointing out the consequences of days of absence. In 2009 the average in days of absence, concerning all business sectors, was 7. 4 days per employee per year. The amount in hotel and hospitality sector was below average with 6. 0 days per employee per year but in comparison between hotel and hospitality and other businesses, the average annual costs of absence per employee per year are superior. Relating to the CIPD the average annual costs of absence per employee per year, enfolding all business-sectors, are 692 pounds. In this area hotel and hospitality businesses are the tragic top of the table with 1199 pounds per employee per year. The survey also shows that stress (often a result of bullying) is the major cause for long-term absence. Other consequences of bullying, described by ACAS, are poor morale and poor employee relations, loss of respect for managers and supervisors, poor performance, lost productivity, resignations, damage to company reputation and tribunal and other court cases and payment of unlimited compensations. Taking a closer look on stress it is to say that in hotel and hospitality industry it is a necessity for employees to know how to handle stress because there will always be periods of strain. The big problem in coping stress is that no two people respond to the same stressor in the same way and this is the perfect point where management should intervene. According to Stranks (2005) different strategies can be considered in dealing with work-related stress, first of all it is important recognizing the evidence of stress which could manifest in sickness, alcoholism or decreasing motivation. A second strategy is to prevent stress through e. g. personal stress audits for employees to identify causes of stress, to monitor stress levels and to report and discuss stressful elements of work to identify the measures necessary at organizational level to alleviate the problem. A third way is to give employees the opportunity to develop a personal stress-tackling technique by providing training and education. Stranks (2005):113 in this point said that employees need advice on identifying their own personal stress response and the measures necessary to coping with it. † Advice to handle stress could be found from organisations like Health and Safety Executive (HSE) releasing handbooks for employees (2003, Tackling Work-Related Stress: A Guide for Employees) as well as for managers (2001, Tackling Work-Related Stress: A Manager’s Guide to improving and Maintaining Employee Health and Well-being). These strategies work very well as reported in many case studies e. g. on United Biscuits by HSE in 2007. The case study points out that United Biscuits benefited from taking action against stress in many ways. From 2005 to 2007 reports of work related stress cases decreased from 24 to 6 per year. Furthermore HRS mentions that each case where absence is prevented, it is estimated the cost of 4 weeks wages and other associated costs is saved. As a matter of fact it is a necessity to override bullying and its consequences by management to keep costs low and protect employees from physical or psychological injuries caused by bullying. As mentioned in ‘bullying and harassment at work’, an advisory booklet publicised by ACAS, the first step to provide a bully-free working environment is to set up a formal policy including a statement of commitment from management and acknowledgement that bullying and harassment are problems for the organisation. The policy could also comprise a clear statement that bullying and harassment is unlawful, that it will not be tolerated, that it may be treated as disciplinary offences and that decisions should not be taken on the basis or whether someone submitted to or rejected a particular instance of harassment. Furthermore the policy is to comprehend steps the organisation takes to prevent bullying, responsibilities of supervisors and managers and confidentiality for any complainant. The policy should involve grievance, investigation and disciplinary procedures with timescales for action. Another point should deal with protection from victimisation and the importance and possibility of training for managers to avoid bullying. Involving staff into the process of developing such a policy will help achieving additional authority. Such a policy is supported by Stale Einarsen (1999):23 in the international journal of manpower who said â€Å"If not being permitted or supported by the people in power, a bully knows he/she may find him/herself the victim of aggressive counter-attacks and severe punishment. † In reference to ACAS the second step is to set a good example in behaviour, like discussing problems and consult employees instead of a too authoritarian management style. A current negative example for this point is the discussion about Gordon Brown? s abusive treatment of staff. The Guardian (21. 2. 2010) advertised that several employees from Downing Street No. 10 contacted the National Anti-bullying Helpline which raises discussions about Mr. Browns management style. Mr. Brown is being denoted as a bully by employees including assertions that he swore at staff, grabbed them by lapels and shouted at them. Third step to deal with bullying and harassment as a manager is to maintain fair procedures for dealing promptly with complaints from employees by using clear grievance and disciplinary procedure described in the Employment Relations Act 1999. Fourth step is to set clear standards of behaviour, to provide training and information about how to deal with bullying and to communicate the organisation? s views on it. Fifth, make clear that complaints will be dealt with fairly, confidentially and sensitively. By following these five steps of ACAS it is getting a lot easier to provide a good working climate and satisfy employees. In conclusion bullying is a problem affecting all businesses with different strength, in different ways and with different consequences, but the reason for occurrence of bullying is the one constant in all companies. It all starts with recurring minor problems that aren’t recognized until they grow big, so discussing problems and communicate them will help companies save money and satisfy employees. By using a metaphor to describe bullying, the strength in which bullying affects humans as well as companies could be expressed as follows A single thunderous gust could disroot trees, but a permanent breeze transforms mountains into grains of sand.

Employment Situation of the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Employment Situation of the United States - Essay Example The highest duration of unemployment is 27 weeks and over. The number of people marginally attached to labor force has been increasing and on the other hand, the discouraged workers have decreased (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 7). In December the overall Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 200,000. Transportation and warehousing, manufacturing, healthcare, retail trade, and mining reported job gains. Overall weekly hours has reported a minute increase. Same is true for average hourly earnings and average weekly earnings. Diffusion index has also increased for both total private sector and manufacturing sector (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 8). There is a clear difference between the unemployment rate of the adults and teenagers. Adult women have the lowest unemployment rate, which is 7.9 % in December after an increase from 7.8 % in November. On the second number is the unemployment rate for the adult men, which is 8.0 in December after a decrease of 8.3 % in November. Teenagers hav e a highest unemployment rate, i.e. 23.1 % after a decrease from 23.7 % in November, as shown in table A-1 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 14). Similarly, according to the table A-2 and A-3 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 15-17), there is the difference in the unemployment rate of the whites, blacks, Asians, and Latinos are different. According to this data, the unemployment rate for Asians has increased to 6.8 % in December from 6.5 % in November (not adjusted seasonally) and is lowest among all other ethnic categories. After them comes the white people of the United States, the unemployment rate for this ethnic category has decreased from 7.6 % in November to 7.5 % in December. Second, the highest unemployment rate is of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, which has decreased to 11.0 % in December from 11.4 % in November.  

Franchising - marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Franchising - marketing - Essay Example property rights or inventions or special characteristics of a business owned by the other party (Franchisor) based on payment as determined by the Franchisor for supplying or marketing certain products and/or services. The Franchisor and the Franchisee can be entities or individuals†. The objective of this research is to analyze business scenario in Indonesia and how may it help a franchising business. This paper will examine food & beverages and saloon franchising business in Indonesia and will try to clarify the process and the market scenario in Indonesia. It will try to answer the question that which one of the franchise (food & beverages or saloon) would be more workable in Indonesian market. In particular, this paper will study McDonald’s food & beverages and Tony & Guy’s saloon franchising business model and their suitability to Indonesian market. McDonalds is the worlds largest chain of fast-food restaurants. Hamburgers, chicken, French fries, milkshakes and soft drinks are main items that a McDonald’s offers. More recently, it has also added salads, fruit, snack wraps, and carrot sticks to its menu. McDonalds Corporation has developed a unique franchise business model. In addition to ordinary franchise fees, supplies, and percentage of sales, McDonalds also collects rent, partially linked to sales. As a condition of the franchise agreement, the Corporation owns the properties on which most McDonalds franchises are located (www.mcdonalds.com). TONI&GUY is considered as the most powerful hairdressing brand in the world. The company is constantly evolving artistically and commercially. It offers the best education on the planet and boasts fabulous product ranges and a dynamic and modern image.  Moreover, TONI&GUY is  the only hairdressing company to be awarded Superbrand status and they truly represent the catwalk-to-client philosophy (www.toniguy.com). TONI&GUY offer a lifestyle choice, not just a hairdressing appointment. Within the salons,

Reporting Forensic Evidence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reporting Forensic Evidence - Research Paper Example Therefore, the report ought to be more formal for clear presentation. For instance, in the report of the investigation that involves a group of criminal enterprise, a comprehensive report is to be produced. Therefore, the forensic investigators can apply the use of a computer to carry out the forensic procedures. Computer forensic is thus the utilization of the computer applications and also analysis for the discovery of any legal evidence involved in the field of forensics. The use of the computer to practice the forensic investigations enables a quick identification and capture of the potential criminal through the use of vital data in the computer (Stauffer & Bonfanti, 2006). During the forensic investigation process, some of the things that were accomplished are the process of gathering the critical details of the potential suspects. This can only be achieved when the forensic investigators are rightly granted a warrant. This warrant allows them to carry out the forensic investig ation procedures without any limits. Therefore, the investigators first must obtain a legal warrant from the authority to enable them access any form of information from individuals. Furthermore, the evidence obtained by the investigator must not be interfered with. For instance, in the computer forensic investigation, the computers must not be touched or even moved once the incidence has occurred. The investigators must further protect the data and the system and its components so as to be used for the prosecution in the court. Moreover, a continued chain of custody is maintained. Eventually, during the retrieval of the data of the suspects, the investigator ought to be extremely careful so as to avoid any distortion of data contained in the computer. Consequently, the evidence collected by the forensic investigator ought to meet some set requirements. These includes that the evidence ought to be produced then also be professionally authenticated and furthermore be of the best evid ence available (Stauffer & Bonfanti, 2006). There are numerous types of systems that are employed during the examination procedures of the forensic investigation. The evidence gathered by the investigator varies widely. Some of these evidences are obtained from the computer includes theft of the intellectual property; there is also theft of the trade secrets. For instance, the investigators can employ the manual form of collecting forensic evidence or they can employ the computer technology method in the collection of the forensic evidences. The computer method used in the collecting evidences of any form of crime is the latest developed procedure. This technique is quick and also among the most effective procedure to be utilized. The forensic investigators utilize the computer forensic to gather any forensic evidences to be utilized in court. For instance, the evidence obtained for criminals, theft, deaths, and all forms of suicides (Anastasi, 2003). Additionally, a variety of tool s are employed by the forensic investigator during the investigation process. Thus for an effective process in the forensic investigation, a smarty decision ought to be made on the best and most valuable tools to be utilized. This is to enable the investigator have an accurate analysis of the evidences obtained. These tools employed by the investigators can also be created by individuals who are experienced. Unfortunately, this idea is not embraced by many because it is hard to

Artist critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Artist critique - Essay Example lasted for more than six centuries still exhumes realistic features of the early society with the artists portraying specific features of the painting thereby communicating as effective as he had fist anticipated. Renaissance refers to the period of rebirth; in culture and art, the period witnessed an increase in knowledge pioneered by some of the most realistic scientific inventions and religious realizations that have shaped the society to this date. Artists captured the social developments in their critical art works which helped portrays specific features of the society through the eyes of the artists. Italy has remained a strategic society in the development of both religion and scientific knowledge with most of Italian scholars and artists being among pioneers of the modern day knowledge. Piero della Francesca is therefore one of such artists who seek to portray features of the religion in the early Italian society. His works and type of painting influenced several others artists including Melozzo da Forlà ¬ and Fra Carnevale both of who were his fellow Italians. Piero della Francesca painted Saint Jerome and a Supplicant, in 1450 as his representation and criticism of the Christian faith that had spread to various parts of the continent. Religious art works were famous at the time as the Catholic Church sought to use such art to improve the reputation of the church. Most of such arts hung in churches and in homes of some of the leading figures in the church. The painting displays currently in New York museum of art. Still life is the subject matter in the painting, which adopts an abstract approach to art and the portrayal of the society in such works. The painter provides an abstract portrayal of the society developing a visible background, middle ground and fore ground in his image thereby communicating effectively through the painting. The activity in the painting centers on Saint Jerome, possibly a leader of the church at the time. The old frail man

Introduction to wind energy systems Research Paper

Introduction to wind energy systems - Research Paper Example Coal and nuclear energy have adverse environmental impacts despite being examples of alternative sources of energy. Wind power looks extremely promising as much as it has comparatively high costs. According to Johnson (14) a typical wind energy system has a turbine which works to harness kinetic energy and convert it into usable power. A wind energy system can also be combined with a solar panel. The introduction of a solar panel to the wind energy system is supposed to increase overall efficiency in terms of power generation. In other words, these two technologies complement one another. This power provides electricity for farms, homes, schools and business establishments. Site selection is very important in such a way that, for a small home, the site should be more than half an acre of land and the wind speed should be at least 16km/h (Johnson, 5). The size of the turbine to be installed greatly depends on energy consumption; for instance, homes require smaller turbines as compared to business establishments. It follows that the smaller the turbines the lesser the noise produced. The sound produced can easily be compared to the whispering of leaves as the wind blows past them. Wind energy systems can either be on-grid or off-grid. The off-grid system occurs when a home or business enterprise totally relies on the power generated by turbines and it is completely disconnected from the electric utility company. Studies reveal that this system is 30% more costly than on-grid. This system is made up of a wind turbine mounted on a tower (Appstate). The tower is usually wired up to a control box which works to regulate battery charging. Ecomall believes that an electric utility is expected to give credit to the owner in the event that a grid tie power system sends its electricity to the public grid. The electric company will sum up the monthly credits so as to determine the amount of money owed to the owner of the wind energy system;